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Projections of heat-related excess mortality in China due to climate change, population and aging

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1732-y

摘要：

● Four scenarios were used to project heat-related excess mortality in China.

关键词： Heat-related excess mortality     LMDI     Aging     YLL     VSLY    

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The main and added effects of heat on mortality in 33 Chinese cities from 2007 to 2013

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1681-5

摘要：

● The main and added effect from heat co-existed in China.

关键词： Heat     Main effect     Added effect     Mortality     Vulnerable population    

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The “Traditional Chinese medicine regulating liver regeneration” treatment plan for reducing mortalityof patients with hepatitis B-related liver failure based on real-world clinical data

Ling Dai, Xiang Gao, Zhihua Ye, Hanmin Li, Xin Yao, Dingbo Lu, Na Wu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 495-505 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0790-9

摘要： On the basis of real-world clinical data, the study aimed to explore the effect and mechanisms of the treatment plan of “traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) regulating liver regeneration.” A total of 457 patients with HBV-related liver failure were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into three groups: the modern medicine control group (MMC group), patients treated with routine medical treatment; the control group combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine (CTW), patients treated with routine medical treatment plus the common TCM formula; and the treatment group of “TCM regulating liver regeneration” (RLR), patients treated with both routine medical treatment and the special TCM formula of RLR. After 8 weeks of treatment, the mortality of patients in the RLR group (12.31%) was significantly lower than those in the MMC (50%) and CTW (29.11%) groups. Total bilirubin level significantly decreased and albumin increased in the RLR group when compared with the MMC and CTW groups ( <0.05). In addition, there were significant differences in the expression of several cytokines related to liver regeneration in the RLR group compared with the MMC group. RLR treatment can decrease jaundice, improve liver function, and significantly reduce the mortality in patients with HBV-related liver failure. The mechanism may be related to the role of RLR treatment in influencing cytokines related to liver regeneration.

关键词： hepatitis B virus-related liver failure     traditional Chinese medicine     liver regeneration     liver regeneration microenvironment     cytokines    

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The early signal substances induced by heat stress in brains of mice

WANG Chunxu, WANG Hanxing

《医学前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 391-395 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0075-1

摘要： To study the effects of early signal substances induced by heat stress in brains of Kunming mice, six-month-old mice ( = 72) were pretreated with heat stress and subsequent ischemia/reperfusion by clipping of their bilateral cervical common arteries for 7 min. According to different treatments, animals were randomly divided into four groups: (1) normal control group; (2) heat stress pretreatment followed by ischemia and reperfusion group (HS/IR); (3) ischemia and reperfusion group (IR); (4) heat stress group (HS). Animals in the later three groups were subdivided into 3 subgroups (1 day, 4 days, 14 days), respectively. The changes in the expression of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were detected by immunohistochemistry and computer image analysis methods. The results showed that compared with the normal group, the expressions of CREB in the hippocampal CA1 region increased significantly in the HS, HS/IR and IR groups ( < 0.05). Compared to the normal group, heat stress could result in CGRP excretion and redistribution in the cerebrum, with the highest level in the 4 d HS/IR group. Following heat stress, CGRP immunoreactivity was observed in varicose fibers and neuronal perikarya within the CA1 region. The results indicate that heat stress can induce CREB expression, which in turn stimulates CGRP secretion.

关键词： calcitonin gene-related     subsequent ischemia/reperfusion     computer     cerebrum     CGRP excretion    

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Association of cardiac disease with the risk of post-lung transplantation mortality in Chinese recipients

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 58-67 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0937-y

摘要： The current organ allocation rules prioritize elderly and urgent patients on the lung transplantation (LT) waiting list. A steady increase in the threshold at which age is taken into consideration for LT has been observed. This retrospective cohort study recruited 166 lung transplant recipients aged ≥ 65 years between January 2016 and October 2020 in the largest LT center in China. In the cohort, subgroups of patients aged 65–70 years (111 recipients, group 65–70) and ≥ 70 years (55 recipients, group ≥ 70) were included. Group D restrictive lung disease was the main indication of a lung transplant in recipients over 65 years. A significantly higher percentage of coronary artery stenosis was observed in the group ≥ 70 (30.9% vs. 14.4% in group 65–70, P = 0.014). ECMO bridging to LT was performed in 5.4% (group 65–70) and 7.3% (group ≥ 70) of patients. Kaplan–Meier estimates showed that recipients with cardiac abnormalities had a significantly increased risk of mortality. After adjusting for potential confounders, cardiac abnormality was shown to be independently associated with the increased risk of post-LT mortality (HR 6.37, P = 0.0060). Our result showed that LT can be performed in candidates with an advanced age and can provide life-extending benefits.

关键词： cardiac disease     mortality     aged population     lung transplantation    

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Temporal trend of mortality from major cancers in Xuanwei, China

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 487-495 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0413-z

摘要：

Although a number of studies have examined the etiology of lung cancer in Xuanwei County, China, other types of cancer in this county have not been reported systematically. This study aimed to investigate the temporal trend of eight major cancers in Xuanwei County using data from three mortality surveys (1973–1975, 1990–1992, and 2004–2005). The Chinese population in 1990 was used as a standard population to calculate age-standardized mortality rates. Cancers of lung, liver, breast, brain, esophagus, leukemia, rectum, and stomach were identified as the leading cancers in this county in terms of mortality rate. During the three time periods, lung cancer remained as the most common type of cancer. The mortality rates for all other types of cancer were lower than those of the national average, but an increasing trend was observed for all the cancers, particularly from 1990–1992 to 2004–2005. The temporal trend could be partly explained by changes in risk factors, but it also may be due to the improvement in cancer diagnosis and screening. Further epidemiological studies are warranted to systematically examine the underlying reasons for the temporal trend of the major cancers in Xuanwei County.

关键词： cancer     mortality     Xuanwei     temporal trend    

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Renin--angiotensin system inhibitor is associated with the reduced risk of all-cause mortality in COVID

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 102-110 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0850-9

摘要： Consecutively hospitalized patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China were retrospectively enrolled from January 2020 to March 2020 to investigate the association between the use of renin–angiotensin system inhibitor (RAS-I) and the outcome of this disease. Associations between the use of RAS-I (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)), ACEI, and ARB and in-hospital mortality were analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models in overall and subgroup of hypertension status. A total of 2771 patients with COVID-19 were included, with moderate and severe cases accounting for 45.0% and 36.5%, respectively. A total of 195 (7.0%) patients died. RAS-I (hazard ratio (HR)=0.499, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.325–0.767) and ARB (HR=0.410, 95% CI 0.240–0.700) use was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality among patients with COVID-19. For patients with hypertension, RAS-I and ARB applications were also associated with a reduced risk of mortality with HR of 0.352 (95% CI 0.162–0.764) and 0.279 (95% CI 0.115–0.677), respectively. RAS-I exhibited protective effects on the survival outcome of COVID-19. ARB use was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality among patients with COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19     RAS inhibitor     hypertension     all-cause mortality    

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logistically derived additive prediction model for post-coronary artery bypass grafting in-hospital mortality

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 477-485 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0284-0

摘要：

This study aims to construct a logistically derived additive score for predicting in-hospital mortality risk in Chinese patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Data from 9839 consecutive CABG patients in 43 Chinese centers were collected between 2007 and 2008 from the Chinese Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Registry. This database was randomly divided into developmental and validation subsets (9:1). The data in the developmental dataset were used to develop the model using logistic regression. Calibration and discrimination characteristics were assessed using the validation dataset. Thresholds were defined for each model to distinguish different risk groups. After excluding 275 patients with incomplete information, the overall mortality rate of the remaining 9564 patients was 2.5%. The SinoSCORE model was constructed based on 11 variables: age, preoperative NYHA stage III or IV, chronic renal failure, extracardiac arteriopathy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, preoperative atrial fibrillation or flutter (within 2βweeks), left ventricular ejection fraction, other elective surgery, combined valve procedures, preoperative critical state, and BMI. In the developmental dataset, calibration using a Hosmer-Lemeshow (HL) test was at =β0.44 and discrimination based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was 0.80. In the validation dataset, the HL test was at =β0.34 and the area under the ROC (AUC) was 0.78. A logistically derived additive model for predicting in-hospital mortality among Chinese patients undergoing CABG was developed based on the most up-to-date multi-center data from China.

关键词： coronary artery bypass grafting     risk stratification     in-hospital mortality    

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Numerical simulation of bituminous coal combustion in a full-scale tiny-oil ignition burner: influence of excess

Zhengqi LI, Chunlong LIU, Xiang ZHANG, Lingyan ZENG, Zhichao CHEN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 296-303 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0191-0

摘要： The progression of ignition was numerically simulated with the aim of realizing a full-scale tiny-oil ignition burner that is identical to the burner used in an 800 MWe utility boiler. The numerical simulations were conducted for four excess air ratios, 0.56, 0.75, 0.98 and 1.14 (corresponding to primary air velocities of 17, 23, 30 and 35 m/s, respectively), which were chosen because they had been used previously in practical experiments. The numerical simulations agreed well with the experimental results, which demonstrate the suitability of the model used in the calculations. The gas temperatures were high along the center line of the burner for the four excess air ratios. The flame spread to the burner wall and the high-temperature region was enlarged in the radial direction along the primary air flow direction. The O concentrations for the four excess air ratios were 0.5%, 1.1%, 0.9% and 3.0% at the exit of the second combustion chamber. The CO peak concentration was very high with values of 7.9%, 9.9%, 11.3% and 10.6% for the four excess air ratios at the exit of the second combustion chamber.

关键词： numerical simulation     tiny-oil ignition burner     pulverized coal     temperature field    

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Comparison between inhibitor and uncoupler for minimizing excess sludge production of an activated sludge

CHEN Guowei, XI Pengge, XU Deqian, YU Hanqing

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 63-66 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0012-6

摘要： In order to study the minimization of excess sludge production, the reduction in the excess sludge production in the presence of an inhibitor and uncoupler was studied in this work. The experimental results show that such an addition could effectively reduce the production of excess sludge. With the energy uncoupling model established in this work, energy uncoupling coefficient () was used to evaluate the reduction in excess sludge production. The energy uncoupling coefficients in the presence of dinitrophenol (dNP), Zn, and Cu was 0.75, 0.46, and 0.18, respectively. The analysis demonstrated that energy spilling occurred in the presence of dNP, and that dNP was an effective uncoupler for reducing the production of excess activated sludge without affecting the microbial respiration activity.

关键词： uncoupling coefficient     Cu     minimization     presence     uncoupling    

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Hydrothermal carbonization of livestock mortality for the reduction of pathogens and microbially-derived

Thomas F. Ducey, Jessica C. Collins, Kyoung S. Ro, Bryan L. Woodbury, D. Dee Griffin

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0930-x

摘要： Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), utilizing high temperature and pressure, has the potential to treat agricultural waste via inactivating pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes (ARG), and contaminants of emerging concern (CEC) in a environmental and economical manner. Livestock mortality is one facet of agricultural waste that can pose a threat to the surrounding environment. While several methods are utilized to treat livestock mortality, there remains a paucity of data on the elimination of microbially-derived DNA in these treatment practices. This DNA, most notably ARGs, if it survives treatment can be reintroduced in agricultural environments where it could potentially be passed to pathogens, posing a risk to animal and human populations. HTC treatments have been successfully utilized for the treatment of CECs, however very little is understood on how ARGs survive HTC treatment. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the survivability of microbially-derived DNA in the HTC treatment of livestock mortality. We examined three treatment temperatures (100°C, 150°C, and 200°C) at autogenic pressures at three treatment times (30, 60, and 240 min). We examined the amplification of a plasmid-borne reporter gene carried by DH10B introduced to both beef bone and tissue. Results indicate that while all three temperatures, at all treatment times, were suitable for complete pathogen kill, only temperatures of 150°C and 200°C were sufficient for eliminating microbial DNA. These results serve as the basis for future potential HTC treatment recommendations for livestock mortality when considering the elimination of pathogens and ARGs.

关键词： High-temperature carbonization     Microbial DNA     Livestock mortality    

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Mechanism on minimization of excess sludge in oxic-settling-anaerobic (OSA) process

WANG Jianfang, ZHAO Qingliang, JIN Wenbiao, LIN Jikan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第1期   页码 36-43 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0001-4

摘要： The oxic-settling-anaerobic (OSA) process is a promising wastewater treatment technique for efficiently reducing sludge production and improving the stability of process operation. In this paper, the possible factors of sludge reduction such as sludge decay, uncoupled metabolism, and anaerobic oxidation with low sludge production were discussed in the OSA process. It has been confirmed that sludge decay is the decisive cause in the OSA process, accounting for 66.7% of sludge production reduction. Sludge decay includes hydrolysis and acidogenesis of dead microorganisms and particle organic carbon adsorbed in sludge floc and endogenous metabolism. By batch experiments, it has been proven that there is energetic uncoupling in the OSA system since microorganisms were exposed to alternative anaerobic and aerobic environment. It accounts for about 7.5% of sludge production reduction. Soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) released from the anaerobic sludge tank in the OSA process was used as the substrate for cryptic growth. The substrate was used for anoxic denitrifying, anaerobic phosphorus release, sulfate reduction, and methane production. These anaerobic reactions in the sludge anaerobic tank have lower sludge production than in the aerobic oxidation when equivalent SCOD is consumed, which may lead to approximately 23% of sludge reduction in the OSA process. It has been concluded that multiple causes resulted in the minimization of excess sludge in the OSA system. The microbial community structure and diversity of sludge samples from the CAS (conventional activated sludge) and OSA systems were investigated by 16 SrDNA PCR-DG-DGGE (polymerase chain reaction-double gradient-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis). DGGE profile and cluster analysis showed more abundant species in the OSA system contrasting to microbial communities in the CAS system.
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Collaborative control of fine particles and ozone required in China for health benefit

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1692-2

摘要：

● Increased DAAO offsets 3/4 of the decrease of DAAP in 2013–2020.

关键词： Excess deaths     Long-term exposure     Fine particle     Ozone    

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Association between ICU quality and in-hospital mortality of V-V ECMO-supported patients—the ECMO quality

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1014-x

摘要： This cohort study was performed to explore the influence of intensive care unit (ICU) quality on in-hospital mortality of veno-venous (V-V) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-supported patients in China. The study involved all V-V ECMO-supported patients in 318 of 1700 tertiary hospitals from 2017 to 2019, using data from the National Clinical Improvement System and China National Critical Care Quality Control Center. ICU quality was assessed by quality control indicators and capacity parameters. Among the 2563 V-V ECMO-supported patients in 318 hospitals, a significant correlation was found between ECMO-related complications and prognosis. The reintubation rate within 48 hours after extubation and the total ICU mortality rate were independent risk factors for higher in-hospital mortality of V-V ECMO-supported patients (cutoff: 1.5% and 7.0%; 95% confidence interval: 1.05–1.48 and 1.04–1.45; odds ratios: 1.25 and 1.23; P = 0.012 and P = 0.015, respectively). Meanwhile, the V-V ECMO center volume was a protective factor (cutoff of ≥ 50 cases within the 3-year study period; 95% confidence interval: 0.57–0.83, odds ratio: 0.69, P = 0.0001). The subgroup analysis of 864 patients in 11 high-volume centers further strengthened these findings. Thus, ICU quality may play an important role in improving the prognosis of V-V ECMO-supported patients.

关键词： veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation     in-hospital mortality     high-volume centers     quality control     intensive care unit capacity parameters    

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Clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality in cancer patients with COVID-19

Junnan Liang, Guannan Jin, Tongtong Liu, Jingyuan Wen, Ganxun Li, Lin Chen, Wei Wang, Yuwei Wang, Wei Liao, Jia Song, Zeyang Ding, Xiao-ping Chen, Bixiang Zhang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 264-274 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0845-6

摘要： Patients with cancer are at increased risk of severe infections. From a cohort including 3060 patients with confirmed COVID-19, 109 (3.4%) cancer patients were included in this study. Among them, 23 (21.1%) patients died in the hospital. Cancer patients, especially those with hematological malignancies (41.6%), urinary carcinoma (35.7%), malignancies of the digestive system (33.3%), gynecological malignancies (20%), and lung cancer (14.3%), had a much higher mortality than patients without cancer. A total of 19 (17.4%) cancer patients were infected in the hospital. The clinical characteristics of deceased cancer patients were compared with those of recovered cancer patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that a Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS2002) score≥3 (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 11.00; 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.60–26.32; <0.001), high-risk type (adjusted HR 18.81; 95% CI 4.21–83.93; <0.001), tumor stage IV (adjusted HR 4.26; 95% CI 2.34–7.75; <0.001), and recent adjuvant therapy (<1 month) (adjusted HR 3.16; 95% CI 1.75–5.70; <0.01) were independent risk factors for in-hospital death after adjusting for age, comorbidities, D-dimer, and lymphocyte count. In conclusion, cancer patients showed a higher risk of COVID-19 infection with a poorer prognosis than patients without cancer. Cancer patients with high-risk tumor, NRS2002 score≥3, advanced tumor stage, and recent adjuvant therapy (<1 month) may have high risk of mortality.

关键词： cancer     COVID-19     SARS-CoV-2     risk factor     mortality    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Projections of heat-related excess mortality in China due to climate change, population and aging

期刊论文

The main and added effects of heat on mortality in 33 Chinese cities from 2007 to 2013

期刊论文

The “Traditional Chinese medicine regulating liver regeneration” treatment plan for reducing mortalityof patients with hepatitis B-related liver failure based on real-world clinical data

Ling Dai, Xiang Gao, Zhihua Ye, Hanmin Li, Xin Yao, Dingbo Lu, Na Wu

期刊论文

The early signal substances induced by heat stress in brains of mice

WANG Chunxu, WANG Hanxing

期刊论文

Association of cardiac disease with the risk of post-lung transplantation mortality in Chinese recipients

期刊论文

Temporal trend of mortality from major cancers in Xuanwei, China

null

期刊论文

Renin--angiotensin system inhibitor is associated with the reduced risk of all-cause mortality in COVID

期刊论文

logistically derived additive prediction model for post-coronary artery bypass grafting in-hospital mortality

null

期刊论文

Numerical simulation of bituminous coal combustion in a full-scale tiny-oil ignition burner: influence of excess

Zhengqi LI, Chunlong LIU, Xiang ZHANG, Lingyan ZENG, Zhichao CHEN

期刊论文

Comparison between inhibitor and uncoupler for minimizing excess sludge production of an activated sludge

CHEN Guowei, XI Pengge, XU Deqian, YU Hanqing

期刊论文

Hydrothermal carbonization of livestock mortality for the reduction of pathogens and microbially-derived

Thomas F. Ducey, Jessica C. Collins, Kyoung S. Ro, Bryan L. Woodbury, D. Dee Griffin

期刊论文

Mechanism on minimization of excess sludge in oxic-settling-anaerobic (OSA) process

WANG Jianfang, ZHAO Qingliang, JIN Wenbiao, LIN Jikan

期刊论文

Collaborative control of fine particles and ozone required in China for health benefit

期刊论文

Association between ICU quality and in-hospital mortality of V-V ECMO-supported patients—the ECMO quality

期刊论文

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality in cancer patients with COVID-19

Junnan Liang, Guannan Jin, Tongtong Liu, Jingyuan Wen, Ganxun Li, Lin Chen, Wei Wang, Yuwei Wang, Wei Liao, Jia Song, Zeyang Ding, Xiao-ping Chen, Bixiang Zhang

期刊论文